![]() As with any material, the potential environmental impacts of copper are best understood by taking a full life cycle perspective e.g., when used as copper wire, copper’s electrical conductivity can improve the energy efficiency of energy-using products, making those products more sustainable during the use phase. The International Copper Association’s Copper Cathode Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) provides critical environmental information from mining to smelting and refining and, therefore, serves as an important foundation for full product life cycle studies. Part of this work is the Copper Environmental Profile, which features the results of ICA’s copper cathode Life cycle Assessment (LCA), the most representative and comprehensive industry global data set on copper cathode and concentrate to be made publicly available to date.
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